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ADHD Medications and Treatments The primary medications used to treat ADHD are stimulants. They boost neurotransmitters, which help control impulses and increase concentration. These include amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, known by brand names like Adderall, and methylphenidate and Lisdexamfetamine. They are also known as Ritalin and Concerta. Doctors may prescribe antidepressants, like Wellbutrin (generic name bupropion) for those suffering from ADHD if stimulants don't work or cause intolerable side negative effects. These medications target norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the brain. Medication The brain chemicals norepinephrine and dopamine are vital in focusing and thinking. Stimulants are among the most commonly used medications for ADHD, and they are efficient if taken in the prescribed manner. But like all medications, stimulants can cause adverse effects. Doctors and patients work together to find the best dosage or combination of medication to minimize side effects. Symptoms of ADHD can vary, but they always include inattention and hyperactive-impulsive behavior. The symptoms usually begin prior to the age of 12 and continue through adolescence, and sometimes into adulthood. The symptoms can be mild, moderate, or severe and may be different for boys and girls. Boys and children assigned male at birth (AMAB) tend to show more hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, but the same behaviors can occur in girls and women. A health care provider can diagnose ADHD in teens or children by following the guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association for the disorder. They will inquire with the child and parents about their symptoms and observe them in various situations. To be diagnosed with ADHD, a child must be able to demonstrate at least six symptoms that manifest in more than one setting and must affect the child's development and functioning. The symptoms must have begun before the child turned 12 years old. The majority of kids with ADHD are prescribed medication to treat their symptoms. A doctor can prescribe methylphenidate, a drug in Ritalin, or amphetamine-based stimulants like Adderall. Doctors may also prescribe nonstimulant medications to treat ADHD, including atomoxetine and bupropion. These drugs don't perform as fast as stimulants however they can help reduce some of the disorder's nagging side effects. ADHD is often linked to other psychiatric disorders such as depression or mood disorders. They are also more likely to develop disorders of substance use. These other issues can be addressed with behavioral therapy that teaches children and adults how to better cope with ADHD. Research suggests that the combination of behavioral therapy and medication can improve the quality of life a person and reduce symptoms. Certain teens and children do not respond to the medication available for ADHD and therefore need less or a different type of medication. Clinical trials are currently being conducted to find the best treatment option for adolescents and adults with ADHD. Behavioral therapy Certain people may not require medication to benefit from therapy for behavior. A change in diet or lifestyle can help those suffering from symptoms of ADHD. Additionally, they might be able to figure out ways to improve their organization abilities, like keeping important items in specific locations or using reminders and alarms. Exercise and other activities requiring physical movement can be utilized to redirect energy, instead of acting out of a lack of. Behavioral therapy can be especially beneficial for children suffering from ADHD. It can help parents learn effective parenting techniques as well as strategies to help their child cope with stress and other issues that might cause attention deficits. Behavioral therapy helps children to learn to control their emotions, improve their self-esteem and manage their behavior at school. To determine the cause of ADHD, doctors will discuss the symptoms with the patient and observe their behavior in different situations. They will review school records and questionnaires from relatives, teachers, and others who know the individual. They will also rule other illnesses and health conditions with similar symptoms. They will also conduct a medical exam and utilize ADHD rating scales. The most common medications used to treat ADHD are stimulants that are designed to boost brain activity in areas that control attention. This includes the prefrontal cortex as well as the basal Ganglia. There are several non-stimulant medications that are used to treat ADHD and other disorders. They are generally regarded as less effective, however they are safer than stimulants. It can take a long time to treat ADHD. It is crucial to see your doctor regularly. The symptoms of the disorder can impact work, school, and relationships. If not treated, add adult medications can lead to depression or low self-esteem, issues with food and poor eating habits, and drug or alcohol addiction. It's also important to talk with your doctor if you notice that a medicine that was once effective does not have the same effect or triggers negative side effects. It's crucial to inform your doctor about any other medications you take because some of them may interact with certain ADHD medications. Counseling If medication is used or not, counseling can help adults and children with ADHD deal with the everyday issues that result from their disorder. Counselors can assist them in learning how to make use of calendars, date books and remember appointments. They can also set realistic goals. Counseling can also help improve relationships and reduce conflicts. Mental health professionals are also able to inform parents about the condition and help them develop new skills, attitudes, and methods of communicating with their children. Counseling can help patients of all ages organize their lives and enhance the performance of their jobs. They can learn strategies for staying focused on their work, such as breaking large projects down into smaller steps that are more manageable, and practice coping with frustration, anxiety and anger. Psychotherapy can help adults gain confidence, and manage risky and impulsive behaviors. Many adults find that other treatment options are useful in addition to counseling. Some stimulants can have adverse side effects, including insomnia and jitteriness therefore, they should only be used as prescribed. People suffering from ADHD must be honest with their doctors and let them know that they are experiencing difficulties with certain medications. MPH is a stimulant that is commonly prescribed by doctors to treat ADHD. The drug increases levels of neurotransmitters within the brain that affect attention and behavior. This drug is available in immediate-release as well as extended-release form. The longer-acting forms are slowly absorbed into the bloodstream, and then wear off gradually. This minimizes the “crash” caused by a drug's levels dropping. Some adults with ADHD may also benefit from nonstimulant medications like atomoxetine, an antidepressant bupropion, or atomoxetine. They work slower than stimulants, and may be beneficial for those who are not able to take them due to other health issues or severe adverse effects. Some people with ADHD are also afflicted with depression or anxiety. In these situations, doctors may prescribe an antidepressant or an antianxiety medication along with the ADHD medication. They are aware of how the medications could interact and they will monitor for any adverse effects. Other treatment options ADHD can be treated by a variety of drugs. All of them are designed to increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels in brains. This helps people focus better and improves their ability to hear and remember. These medications include stimulants as well as non-stimulants. The most frequently prescribed medication for treating ADHD are stimulants. They work well for many people, but they can cause side effects. Some of these adverse effects can be serious. Your doctor can assist you in determining the most effective dosage of medication that will meet your needs. They can also recommend alternative treatments that could reduce or eliminate side effects. The two most common stimulants used to treat ADHD include methylphenidate, and dextroamphetamine. These drugs are available under various brands, including Adderall and Ritalin. These drugs are available as both short-acting preparations and extended-release formulations. Short-acting medications can last for up to 3-4 hrs and are typically taken two or three times a day. Extended-release medications are typically taken every day and can last for up to 16 hours. Many adults supplement their extended-release morning medication with a dose that is shorter-acting late in the afternoon or evening to bridge the gap between the time when the medicine wears off and the next dose. The stimulants can cause nausea, changes in blood pressure and heart rate. They can also make people feel more stressed and angry than they normally do. They can cause tics to become more severe or increase the frequency. In some children and adolescents, they can cause some slight delays in growth, but this is temporary and doesn't affect the final height. They also can increase appetite and weight gain and could cause an increase in blood cholesterol and other heart-related issues in some people. Some antidepressants are also sometimes used “off-label” for treating ADHD. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is the most frequently used drug. It works by increasing neurotransmitters like dopamine, norepinephrine and so on. It is particularly beneficial for people with ADHD and anxiety or depression. It is a great option when stimulants are not working, if they are not used or tolerated or if a substance abuse disorder is present.